An Economist’s View of the Income Maintenance Experiments
نویسنده
چکیده
I am cast on this panel as offering an economist’s view of the policy lessons to be drawn from the income maintenance experiments. That will be true enough if you take the word "an" seriously. I am indubitably a card-carrying economist. But I have the feeling that -on these particular matters at least -my views are not always those of the typical economist. Part of the difference, but only part, arises because I am primarily a macroeconomist, so I look at the questions now at hand as a partial outsider. Any time you are about to utter heresy it is a good idea to quote some highly respectable authority. So let me remind you of something John Stuart Mill wrote in the Preface to the Principles of Political Economy. "Except on matters of mere detail, there are perhaps no practical questions, even among those which approach nearest to the character of purely economical questions, which admit of being decided on economical premises alone." Actually, I intend to go even further than Mill: there are very few analytical questions about mass human behavior which admit of being decided on economical premises alone. And those few are not the ones we are dealing with at this conference. The formal purpose of social experiments is to provide knowledge about mass human behavior that will be useful in the design of policies. So the lessons for policy depend on what we read the experiments as saying about behavior. In commenting on that issue, I am drawing also on my experience with other social experiments, in particular those dealing with supported work and with various work-welfare schemes, designed, conducted and analyzed by the Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation.
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تاریخ انتشار 2008